{"id":661,"date":"2021-04-17T12:13:01","date_gmt":"2021-04-17T16:13:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatetoolkit.org\/?p=661"},"modified":"2025-06-18T16:12:43","modified_gmt":"2025-06-18T20:12:43","slug":"how-to-use-the-epas-simplified-ghg-emissions-calculator","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/climatetoolkit.org\/pt\/how-to-use-the-epas-simplified-ghg-emissions-calculator\/","title":{"rendered":"Como utilizar a Calculadora Simplificada de Emiss\u00f5es de Gases com Efeito de Estufa da EPA"},"content":{"rendered":"

A Calculadora Simplificada de Emiss\u00f5es de Gases com Efeito de Estufa da EPA \u00e9 uma ferramenta que permite \u00e0s pequenas empresas monitorizar as suas emiss\u00f5es anuais de carbono. Tr\u00eas passos s\u00e3o essenciais para completar o invent\u00e1rio de gases com efeito de estufa: definir e determinar as fontes de emiss\u00e3o<\/strong>, recolha de dados sobre as emiss\u00f5es e quantifica\u00e7\u00e3o e c\u00e1lculo das emiss\u00f5es totais<\/strong>. Este guia explica como utilizar a Calculadora Simplificada de Emiss\u00f5es de GEE da EPA, apresenta as emiss\u00f5es de \u00e2mbito 1 e 2 do Phipps Conservatory e do Monte Cuba, as dificuldades sentidas durante a auditoria e outros conselhos sobre o preenchimento do guia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Phipps concluiu a auditoria das emiss\u00f5es para o ano de 2019 e Mt. Cuba concluiu a auditoria das emiss\u00f5es para 2018.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

As emiss\u00f5es de gases com efeito de estufa s\u00e3o normalmente classificadas em tr\u00eas \u00e2mbitos. \u00c2mbito 1<\/strong>As emiss\u00f5es de \u00e2mbito 1, tamb\u00e9m designadas por emiss\u00f5es diretas, s\u00e3o as que ocorrem a partir de fontes que s\u00e3o controladas ou propriedade da organiza\u00e7\u00e3o. O \u00e2mbito 1 inclui fontes de combust\u00e3o estacion\u00e1rias, fontes m\u00f3veis, utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de equipamento de refrigera\u00e7\u00e3o\/AC, supress\u00e3o de inc\u00eandios e gases adquiridos. As emiss\u00f5es t\u00edpicas de \u00e2mbito 1 podem ser combust\u00edvel para geradores e equipamento, bem como frotas de ve\u00edculos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c2mbito 2<\/strong>As emiss\u00f5es de gases com efeito de estufa, ou emiss\u00f5es indirectas, s\u00e3o gases com efeito de estufa associados \u00e0 compra de eletricidade, vapor, calor ou frio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c2mbito 3 <\/strong>s\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m consideradas emiss\u00f5es indirectas. Trata-se de emiss\u00f5es resultantes de actividades que n\u00e3o s\u00e3o controladas ou detidas pela organiza\u00e7\u00e3o, mas que ocorrem devido a ela. O \u00c2mbito 3 inclui emiss\u00f5es associadas a viagens e desloca\u00e7\u00f5es de funcion\u00e1rios, bem como ao transporte de produtos. Phipps e Mt. Cuba completaram as emiss\u00f5es de \u00e2mbito 1 e 2 para as suas auditorias, mas planeiam acrescentar o \u00e2mbito 3 no futuro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Valor do Benchmarking<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Antes de reduzir as suas emiss\u00f5es, a primeira coisa que precisa de fazer \u00e9 compreender as suas opera\u00e7\u00f5es e de onde prov\u00eam as suas emiss\u00f5es. Uma forma de o fazer \u00e9 criar uma linha de base das emiss\u00f5es. Uma vez criada, esta pode servir de refer\u00eancia para o ajudar a observar altera\u00e7\u00f5es ao longo do tempo, como aumentos ou diminui\u00e7\u00f5es na procura de energia. Uma refer\u00eancia pode tamb\u00e9m ajud\u00e1-lo a identificar objectivos razo\u00e1veis e exequ\u00edveis para as suas estrat\u00e9gias de redu\u00e7\u00e3o de emiss\u00f5es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Definir a sua emiss\u00e3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A primeira sec\u00e7\u00e3o da calculadora, Quest\u00f5es de fronteira<\/strong>O separador \"Fontes de emiss\u00e3o de carbono\", pede-lhe que defina as fontes de emiss\u00e3o de carbono, respondendo a uma s\u00e9rie de perguntas. Uma resposta \"sim\" a uma pergunta de fronteira indica que tem emiss\u00f5es dessa fonte e ir\u00e1 completar o separador associado. Uma resposta \"n\u00e3o\" indica que n\u00e3o tem emiss\u00f5es dessa fonte e ir\u00e1 saltar o separador associado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Seguem-se as respostas dos Phipps a as perguntas de fronteira para as emiss\u00f5es de \u00e2mbito 1 e 2.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Recolha de dados de emiss\u00f5es - C\u00e1lculos de \u00e2mbito um<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Est\u00e1 agora pronto para come\u00e7ar a introduzir dados para cada uma das fontes, tal como definido nas perguntas de fronteira. \u00c0 medida que introduz dados, o total de emiss\u00f5es de gases com efeito de estufa associadas a essa fonte aparecer\u00e1 no fundo dessa p\u00e1gina, bem como na p\u00e1gina de resumo.<\/strong> Estes valores ser\u00e3o automaticamente actualizados sempre que introduzir ou alterar dados. Se tiver algum problema ou d\u00favida, a calculadora inclui uma sec\u00e7\u00e3o de ajuda para cada fonte de emiss\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A primeira fonte na calculadora \u00e9 Combust\u00e3o estacion\u00e1ria <\/strong>. Trata-se de emiss\u00f5es provenientes de combust\u00edveis queimados por fontes estacion\u00e1rias que se encontram no local. Os combust\u00edveis incluem o carv\u00e3o, o fuel\u00f3leo, o querosene, o propano, o g\u00e1s natural, a madeira e outros. Existem campos para introduzir o tipo e a quantidade de combust\u00edvel queimado e a ferramenta calcular\u00e1 as emiss\u00f5es associadas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abaixo est\u00e1 a Combust\u00e3o de Combust\u00edvel de Fonte Estacion\u00e1ria da Phipps. A Phipps totalizou os montantes e registou cada combust\u00edvel como um \u00fanico item de linha. Em alternativa, pode registar cada pe\u00e7a de equipamento ou edif\u00edcio individualmente, como fez o Monte Cuba abaixo.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1lculos de combust\u00e3o de combust\u00edvel estacion\u00e1rio do Monte Cuba.  <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

O pr\u00f3ximo conjunto de emiss\u00f5es de \u00e2mbito 1 a calcular \u00e9 Fontes m\u00f3veis. Estas incluem as emiss\u00f5es associadas a autom\u00f3veis, cami\u00f5es, tractores ou outros ve\u00edculos que sejam propriedade da organiza\u00e7\u00e3o ou por ela alugados<\/strong>. Pode ser introduzido o tipo de ve\u00edculo e o consumo de combust\u00edvel ou os quil\u00f3metros percorridos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abaixo est\u00e3o as fontes m\u00f3veis da Phipps. Nota que<\/strong>t ferramentas a gas\u00f3leo ou a g\u00e1s, como motosserras e cortadores de relva, s\u00e3o capturadas aqui.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

As fontes m\u00f3veis da Mt. Cuba est\u00e3o listadas abaixo. A Mt. Cuba tem mais de 40 ve\u00edculos na sua frota. Aqui foram registados os tipos de ve\u00edculos e o consumo total de combust\u00edvel. Classifique cada um dos equipamentos movidos a g\u00e1s em Outro equipamento todo-o-terreno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Equipamento de refrigera\u00e7\u00e3o e ar condicionado <\/strong>\u00e9 a fonte de emiss\u00e3o seguinte. Os refrigerantes podem ser gases com efeito de estufa muito potentes, pelo que \u00e9 importante ter em conta qualquer fuga ou substitui\u00e7\u00e3o dos mesmos na sua auditoria. Existem tr\u00eas m\u00e9todos diferentes para calcular estes dados.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Se efetuar a manuten\u00e7\u00e3o do seu pr\u00f3prio equipamento, utilize a op\u00e7\u00e3o 1.<\/strong> A primeira op\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 um m\u00e9todo de balan\u00e7o dos materiais em que se calcula o g\u00e1s armazenado e transferido pela instala\u00e7\u00e3o. Ter\u00e1 de introduzir o g\u00e1s, a diferen\u00e7a do g\u00e1s armazenado em invent\u00e1rio, o g\u00e1s comprado e o g\u00e1s vendido, bem como a capacidade de todas as unidades.<\/li>
  2. Se a manuten\u00e7\u00e3o do seu equipamento for efectuada por prestadores de servi\u00e7os, utilize a op\u00e7\u00e3o 2<\/strong>. Tem de comunicar o g\u00e1s, as presta\u00e7\u00f5es durante o per\u00edodo de refer\u00eancia, o g\u00e1s adicionado por um contratante ou empresa, a soma da capacidade de todas as unidades e o total de gases recuperados. Os valores dos gases adicionados devem constar das facturas do agente de servi\u00e7o.<\/li>
  3. A op\u00e7\u00e3o 3 \u00e9 um m\u00e9todo de rastreio que \u00e9 apenas um instrumento<\/strong> e \u00e9 altamente incerto. N\u00e3o se recomenda a sua utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o para calcular as suas emiss\u00f5es.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Equipamento de supress\u00e3o de inc\u00eandios<\/strong> podem emitir subst\u00e2ncias qu\u00edmicas durante a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o, manuten\u00e7\u00e3o e elimina\u00e7\u00e3o. Os dados de compra, invent\u00e1rio e elimina\u00e7\u00e3o de supressores de inc\u00eandios, o invent\u00e1rio do equipamento por instala\u00e7\u00e3o, a capacidade do supressor de inc\u00eandios e a quantidade de supressor de inc\u00eandios emitida s\u00e3o necess\u00e1rios para completar uma das tr\u00eas metodologias de c\u00e1lculo das emiss\u00f5es. S\u00f3 \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio registar o equipamento que \u00e9 mudado, qualquer g\u00e1s que \u00e9 transferido, descarregado ou vazado. Nem Phipps nem Mt. Cuba tinham emiss\u00f5es de equipamento de supress\u00e3o de inc\u00eandios.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A pr\u00f3xima fonte de emiss\u00f5es \u00e9 Gases comprados<\/strong>. A maioria dos gases \u00e9 utilizada no fabrico, em testes ou em laborat\u00f3rio, mas qualquer outro dos sete principais gases com efeito de estufa utilizados (CO2, CH4, N2O, PFC, HFC, SF6 e NF3) tem de ser registado nesta p\u00e1gina. Ter\u00e1 de registar o tipo de g\u00e1s, a quantidade de g\u00e1s e a finalidade do g\u00e1s. Nem Phipps nem Mt. Cuba registaram quaisquer emiss\u00f5es de gases adquiridos.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A fonte final de \u00c2mbito 1 \u00e9 Gases residuais. <\/strong>Estas incluem emiss\u00f5es que s\u00e3o criadas no queimador de combust\u00e3o ou no oxidante t\u00e9rmico e s\u00e3o pouco comuns na maioria dos ambientes. Nem o Phipps Conservatory nem o Mt. Cuba registaram quaisquer emiss\u00f5es de gases residuais.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Equipamento de supress\u00e3o de inc\u00eandios<\/strong> podem emitir subst\u00e2ncias qu\u00edmicas durante a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o, manuten\u00e7\u00e3o e elimina\u00e7\u00e3o. Os dados de compra, invent\u00e1rio e elimina\u00e7\u00e3o de supressores de inc\u00eandios, o invent\u00e1rio do equipamento por instala\u00e7\u00e3o, a capacidade do supressor de inc\u00eandios e a quantidade de supressor de inc\u00eandios emitida s\u00e3o necess\u00e1rios para completar uma das tr\u00eas metodologias de c\u00e1lculo das emiss\u00f5es. S\u00f3 \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio registar o equipamento que \u00e9 mudado, qualquer g\u00e1s que \u00e9 transferido, descarregado ou vazado. Nem Phipps nem Mt. Cuba tinham emiss\u00f5es de equipamento de supress\u00e3o de inc\u00eandios.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A pr\u00f3xima fonte de emiss\u00f5es \u00e9 Gases comprados<\/strong>. A maioria dos gases \u00e9 utilizada no fabrico, em testes ou em laborat\u00f3rio, mas qualquer outro dos sete principais gases com efeito de estufa utilizados (CO2, CH4, N2O, PFC, HFC, SF6 e NF3) tem de ser registado nesta p\u00e1gina. Ter\u00e1 de registar o tipo de g\u00e1s, a quantidade de g\u00e1s e a finalidade do g\u00e1s. Nem Phipps nem Mt. Cuba registaram quaisquer emiss\u00f5es de gases adquiridos.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A fonte final de \u00c2mbito 1 \u00e9 Gases residuais. <\/strong>Estas incluem emiss\u00f5es que s\u00e3o criadas no queimador de combust\u00e3o ou no oxidante t\u00e9rmico e s\u00e3o pouco comuns na maioria dos ambientes. Nem o Phipps Conservatory nem o Mt. Cuba registaram quaisquer emiss\u00f5es de gases residuais.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00c2mbito 2 - C\u00e1lculos de emiss\u00f5es indirectas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Emiss\u00f5es de \u00e2mbito 2 <\/strong>s\u00e3o gases com efeito de estufa associados \u00e0 compra de eletricidade, vapor, calor ou frio. Tanto a quantidade de vapor como a eletricidade adquirida podem ser consultadas nas facturas dos servi\u00e7os p\u00fablicos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A primeira fonte de emiss\u00f5es de \u00e2mbito 2 que ir\u00e1 calcular \u00e9 Eletricidade adquirida<\/strong>. Existem duas metodologias para quantificar as emiss\u00f5es da eletricidade comprada: baseada na localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e baseada no mercado. Ambas s\u00e3o necess\u00e1rias para completar a sec\u00e7\u00e3o. O m\u00e9todo baseado na localiza\u00e7\u00e3o considera os factores de emiss\u00e3o m\u00e9dios baseados na rede que fornece a eletricidade. O m\u00e9todo baseado no mercado considera os acordos contratuais que a organiza\u00e7\u00e3o pode ter para adquirir eletricidade, incluindo a proveniente de recursos renov\u00e1veis. As orienta\u00e7\u00f5es no separador e uma p\u00e1gina de ajuda separada fornecem pormenores mais espec\u00edficos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    A fonte seguinte \u00e9 o Comprado no Steam<\/strong>. Introduzir o tipo de combust\u00edvel utilizado para criar o vapor e a quantidade comprada (mmBTUs). Se os dados sobre a efici\u00eancia da caldeira e\/ou o fator de emiss\u00e3o da instala\u00e7\u00e3o onde o vapor \u00e9 adquirido fornecerem dados sobre a efici\u00eancia da caldeira e as emiss\u00f5es da instala\u00e7\u00e3o onde o vapor \u00e9 adquirido, pode introduzi-los. Caso contr\u00e1rio, os valores por defeito s\u00e3o preenchidos automaticamente. \u00c0 semelhan\u00e7a da eletricidade comprada, existem metodologias baseadas na localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e no mercado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    C\u00e1lculo das emiss\u00f5es finais<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Depois de completar o guia, o separador de resumo apresenta o total de emiss\u00f5es de gases com efeito de estufa para os \u00e2mbitos 1 e 2. Existe tamb\u00e9m um separador para incluir quaisquer compensa\u00e7\u00f5es adquiridas, que s\u00e3o subtra\u00eddas do total de emiss\u00f5es organizacionais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Recursos <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Calculadora de emiss\u00f5es Descarregar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    A Calculadora Simplificada de Emiss\u00f5es de Gases com Efeito de Estufa da EPA \u00e9 uma ferramenta que permite \u00e0s pequenas empresas monitorizar as suas emiss\u00f5es anuais de carbono. Tr\u00eas passos s\u00e3o essenciais para completar o invent\u00e1rio de gases com efeito de estufa: definir e determinar as fontes de emiss\u00f5es, recolher dados de emiss\u00f5es e ...<\/p>\n

    Como utilizar a Calculadora Simplificada de Emiss\u00f5es de Gases com Efeito de Estufa da EPA<\/span> Ler mais \"<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":672,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[108,109,110,111,112,113,114],"class_list":["post-661","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energy","tag-benchmarking","tag-epa-emission-scopes","tag-scope-1-emissions","tag-scope-2-emissions","tag-scope-3-emissions","tag-greenhouse-gas","tag-collecting-emission-data"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHow to Use the EPA\u2019s Simplified Greenhouse Gas Emissions Calculator - The Climate Toolkit<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Use the EPA\u2019s Simplified Greenhouse Gas Emissions Calculator - The Climate Toolkit\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The EPA\u2019s Simplified Greenhouse Gas Emissions Calculator is a tool that allows small businesses to track their annual carbon emissions. 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